| DADAK, Jozefa
DAJSTROWSKI, Andrzej DAJSTROWSKI, Anna, wife DAJSTROWSKI, Leokadia, daughter DAJSTROWSKI, Maria, daughter DAMSKI, Jan DAMSKI, Jozef (not related)
The couple lived in Praga, a suburb of Warsaw. Their neighbors, the Rozenbergs, a family of five, found themselves in the ghetto. In order to bring them food, Helena would jump off the running tramway car, as it did not stop at the ghetto. Their eldest daughter, Renia, sneaked from the ghetto and came to the Damskis. But one day Helena did not find them anymore: they had been deported to a camp. At that time Helena kept a clandestine secondary school in her home. As Germans had closed all universities and secondary schools and tolerated only very restricted primary schools, Poles, under the threat of death for all participants, organized secondary and university courses in private homes; circa one million students participated in those courses. Nevertheless, Helena took into her flat a Czech Jew. When the students were present, she hid the Jew in the W.C. She told them that it could not be used because it is out of order. Soon after the Czech Jew left, Helena accepted to take care of a 20 month old Jewish baby, Esther, whose father had been killed and whose mother, hiding in Zoliborz (a suburb of Warsaw) wanted to see her daughter often. On one of the trips to the mother somebody on the tramway exclaimed: "What a pretty little Jewess." Helena, with the baby in her arms, jumped off the moving car again. When Esther, called "Genia", fell ill, Helena had to take her to a doctor. He told her: "Don't be afraid. I also have a small foster daughter like her at home". In the meantime her husband, Jozef was deported to a camp. Once Germans suddenly broke into the house. Helena' s 13 year old son hid in the cellar. She was ill that day with a high fever and kept her bed; the little girl, terrified by the search, crawled into Helena's bed, under the blanket, without uttering a sound. All survived. See: Bartoszewski & Lewin, op. cit., taken from the story of Esther Wolkowicz, written by E. Rostal "Moja corka Genia" (My daughter Genia) published in Tel-Aviv, in the Polish periodical "Izraelskie Nowiny i Kurier". DANEK, Tadeusz
DANKO, Krystyna Krystyna befriended before the war the Kukuszko family, especially the elder daughter. She found a refuge for the father, the mother and the elder daughter. The younger daughter she brought to Warsaw. She helped them in all possible ways, providing them with food, money and news. The Israeli Embassy in Poland announced that the medal would be conferred on her in Warsaw on Dec. 15, 1999. DASZKIEWICZ, Anna DASZKIEWICZ-GORCZYCA, Wladyslawa
(not related)see GORCZYCA, Emilia, mother?
* DABOWSKI, Krzysztof (1901-1945)
Krzysztof lived with his wife, gravely ill, and seven (7) children at Dlugoleka, Bialystok prov. Only the eldest daughter Helena, was able to help him to save seven (7) Jews. Bandits murdered Krzysztof on May 5, 1945, because he did not have gold or valuables, which they thought he must have received for saving Jews. He was mentioned here previously (the 3rd) among the "Righteous" in the list of "Those Who Paid with Their Lives". See: Grynberg, op cit. DABROWIECKI, Jozef
DABROWSKI, Konstanty (not
related)
DABROWSKI, Michal (not related)
DABROWSKI, Stanislaw (not
related)
Stanislaw's family helped many Jews, among them Rachmiel Fridland. Thanks to them, he was able to leave the ghetto and hide in their home till the end of the war. They were decorated by a decision of Yad Vashem in Warsaw on Jan 14, 1999. DABROWSKI, Waclaw (not related)
DABROWSKI, Wladyslaw (not related) DABROWSKI, Zofia (not related) DAMBROWSKI, Stefania (not related) Stefania gave refuge to many Jews in the estate of Orwidow Dolny, county Niemenczyk, Vilna-Troki. Among them was Miriam K., supposedly a daughter of a cousin. From November 1941 to July 1944 Stefania harbored Artur Minkowski with his wife Hana, Natalia W., under the name Swierczewski, Sonia T. daughter of a shop owner and periodically others. All survived except the Minkowskis, who were killed by bandits. We know the names of the persons saved. She received her medal as "Righteous" in Warsaw, in May 1996. Case No. 5953. DEBA, Magdalena
DENTKIEWICZ, Jan
Stanislawa lived with her
husband and son in Warsaw. During the occupation she helped several
Jews. Adolf Werkszel avoided the newly formed ghetto and remained
on the "Aryan" side, in the house of Stanislawa. In August 1941 she
smuggled his parents, Dawid and Rozalia, out of the ghetto and dispatched
them by boat to Kazimierz. In her home there stayed also Adolf's
sister, Maryla, for whom she got a fake Kennkarte and even a job.
Adolf's baby sister also stayed with her. Dora Tchorz got work as
a homemaker and similarly Stefania Srebrna. When Adolf was discovered
and arrested by the "Blue" Police in summer of 1942, Stanislawa bribed
the policeman and freed him. Adolf's parents returned to the ghetto
and perished there. Adolf, Dora, Ryszard H. survived. The fate
of Maryla after the Warsaw Uprising is unknown. See:
Grynberg, op. cit.
DEPA, Kazimierz
DEBICKI, Halina
Zofia Debicki, living in Warsaw, came from a family of intellectuals. In her home she had two very sick, old women: her mother and the paralyzed Stefania Sempolowski, a veteran Socialist leader, whose presence endangered her even more. In her home she kept Jewish women as nurse, cook, seamstress and maid. She seized from a transport a little Jewish girl, claiming that she is her daughter. Zofia hid and helped eighty-five (85) Jews. She alerted her friends in the Post Office to intercept letters informing the Gestapo about Jews. She aided also other people, members of Zegota, persons of other nationalities, even Communists. In her home was the base of the JOB, the Jewish Fighting Organization. See: Bartoszewski & Lewin, op. cit. DEBICKI, Kazimierz (not related)
DEBSKI, Zygmunt Zygmunt was a student of limited means at the Lvov Engineering College, but he also rescued Jews. Thanks to the initiative of Irena Ciesielski, he harbored a Jew, Czaskes-Akselbard. The latter took part in the Polish AK under the war name of Leopold Kucharski. On his request, Zygmunt went to Jaroslaw, to bring food and correspondence to Dr. Zylberstein, an ex bank director. He got Leopold's grandfather out of the Grodek Jagiellonski ghetto. He helped also other Jewish families in Lvov. Zygmunt married Irena and left for Gliwice. Kucharski remained and was deported to Siberia where he had to work in a gold mine. After Stalin's death he returned to Poland and left for Israel. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DICKER-SREBNIAK, Maria see
SREBRNIK-DICKER, Maria
DLUTOWSKI, Stefania (1886-1968)
Beginning with 1943 the Dlutowskis concealed in their apartment Bluma Goldman and her grandson Jerzy, Leon Leinkram with his daughter Ruth and nephew Michal and Marta Lenecki. Later Stefania placed Ruth in the institution of the Felician Sisters at Glinki and Michal with her cousin. Stefania was forced to pay blackmailers, but all the people mentioned survived and emigrated. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOBEK, Jozef
DOBOSIEWICZ, Rudolf (1900-
Rudolf, a shoemaker at Skole, county of Stryj, knew many Jews. In the years 1943-44, he provided food to those staying either in the town or in the woods. He also put Jews in contact with the partisans, particularly the young ones. Fifteen (15) persons benefited from their help but not all survived. Among those who did, Rotenberg with his wife emigrated to the U.S.A. and the brothers Grundberg went with their wives to Israel. Chaim Kirszenbaum wrote that Rudolf snatched him from the hands of the Gestapo and hid him in his house during 1943. When Chaim joined the partisans, Rudolf provided them with food. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOBOSZ-KROLIKOWSKI, Zygmunt Bernard (1908-) He worked as a journeyman tinsmith in Warsaw. He took care of Leokadia Schmidt and her husband, who later left for the U.S.A. Leokadia wrote a book about this: "Cudem Przezylismy Czas Zaglady" (By miracle we survived the time of Shoah) Tow. Literackie, Poland, 1983. After they died, their son Marek Marian wrote from Paris that Zygmunt extricated his father from the hands of the Gestapo, and helped his parents to survive on the "Aryan" side, confirming his mother's book. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOBOSZYNSKI, Jerzy, alias
PARTYKA or TOMASZEWSKI (-1944)
Both journalists were active in the AK and in saving Jews. Zofia got out of the ghetto Bronislawa G., with her six years old daughter and Bronislawa's aunt, Zofia Kerner. Jerzy got for them fake "Kennkarten" and found them a safe haven, but Zofia remained with them as a housekeeper. They also helped Jan Deutsch and his fiancée from Bielsko, Halina Braz from Warsaw, Maria and Pawel P. from Boryslaw and the husband of Bronislawa G. Zofia also got false documents for other Jews. In the Warsaw Uprising in which both fought, Jerzy was killed and Zofia was taken to a camp in Saxony. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOBRACZYNSKI, Jan, (1910-) An author of many books, member of the Catholic nationalist party, which before the war was not particularly sympathetic to Jews, he is credited, in spite of that, with saving hundreds of Jewish children. He was an official of the Department of Health and Welfare in Warsaw. He co-operated with Jadwiga Piotrowski, (q.v.) and Irena Sendler (q.v.). He signed all the faked birth and baptismal certificates and equally invented new biographies for Jewish children in order to make them appear as Poles and Catholics. It was understood that when he signed those papers, the child was Jewish and was to be accepted with special consideration by convents and orphanages. See: Prekerowa, Teresa. "Konspiracyjna Rada Pomocy Zydom w Warszawie 1942-1945. (Conspiratorial Council for Aid to Jews in Warsaw) Warszawa, PIW, 1982. The book is translated into French; the English edition will appear soon. DOBRACZYNSKI, Wiktor (-1960)
(not related)
They lived at Wawolnica, near Pulawy. During the deportation of Jews to the camp at Poniatowa, the couple Sternblic pushed their eight years old daughter out of the cattle car they were being taken to camp in, telling her to go to the Dobraczynskis. They took her in as their own fourth daughter until the end of the occupation. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOBRODZIEJ, Wladyslaw
DOBROWOLSKI, Anna, alias MICHALSKI (1889-1951) Anna was a teacher by profession. She joined the Council for Aid to Jews in Cracow, on the executive level. She was its treasurer and a most scrupulous bookkeeper, keeping and concealing all financial documents, including the receipts signed with the true names of several hundred Jews who received financial help. See: Prekerowa, op. cit. DOBROWOLSKI, Hipolit (not
related)
DOBROWOLSKI, Kazimierz (not
related)
DOBROWOLSKI, Mieczyslaw (not related) DOBROWOLSKI, Stanislaw ((1904-)
(not related)
Stanislaw and Zofia resided at Chrzastow, near Mielec, Rzeszow prov. Wladyslaw was a fighter in the resistance movement, as a member of ZWZ-AK and was an instructor of the BCH, Peasants' Battalions. With the co-operation of a neighbor, Jozef Madry, they took care of seven (7) Jews: Psachia and Miriam Honig and their daughter Helen Schreiber, Sara Konarek with her daughter Mina, Ahron Rozencweig and Francis Lerensohn. One of the two Rotman sisters, whom they also helped, (one with a child), went in 1943 to Mielec and was shot by a "Blue" policeman. The fate of the other sister is unknown. The other person sheltered survived. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOBROWOLSKI, Stanislaw Wincenty alias STANIEWSKI, (1915-) lawyer Stanislaw Wincenty was the head of the Council for Aid to Jews in Cracow, since its inception in that city in March 1943. It prepared "Aryan" documents for the hiding Jews, tried to counteract the ubiquitous German anti-Semitic propaganda, condemned blackmailers, and saved many Jewish children and up to ca. 1000 adults; most of them received regular monthly stipends. For purely humanitarian motives, Stanislaw Wincenty hid Dr. Michal Weichert at his sister's and elsewhere. Dr. Weichert was the head of the Jewish Welfare Organization. This phony institution had been created by Germans to siphon money sent by Jews from abroad to help Polish Jews. The organization was disbanded when Germans did not need it anymore. Thus 90 % of Jewish aid went straight into German coffers. Dr. Weichert got even a death sentence from the Jewish resistance movement in Cracow, confirmed by its Warsaw branch, but it was not carried out. Zegota constantly warned Jewish organizations abroad that the Weichert organization was a German front but they preferred to believe Dr. Weichert. The Cracow Zegota reached even the inmates in the prisons and forced labor and concentration camps, e.g. providing flour, beans etc. to the Plaszow camp or facilitating escapes from Auschwitz. After the war Dr. Dobrowolski was ambassador to Denmark and Greece and a member of the International Control Commission in Vietnam. See: Prekerowa, op cit. DOBROWOLSKI, Stefania (another one, not related) DOBROWOLSKI, Tadeusz (not
related)
DOBRUCKI, Andrzej (1884-1954)
Andrzej and Aniela resided at Czortkow, Tarnopol prov. They had many contacts with Jews who during the war found help and refuge with them. Among them was the lawyer Margules, Mrs. Gelber with her daughter, Szor, the bookkeeper, Mrs. Wajsman, Mrs. Rozencwajg the merchant, Perelmuter and others. Stanislawa Pikholc also spent two years in their home. The 15 years old Maria sneaked into the ghetto and received a three years old sickly girl from the hands of the girl's father, Salomon Hauser. Her mother found her safe and healthy in 1945. She wrote that their home was open day and night to every Jew. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOBRZANSKI, Grazyna
DOLEZAL, Eugeniusz (1902-1983) He was a typesetter, living
with his wife Stanislawa and son Andrzej in Warsaw.
DOLINSKI, Anna DOLINSKI, Czeslaw (not related)
DOMAGALA, Jan (1904-
The Domagalas lived at Zachwiejow,
Padew Narodowa, prov. of Tarnobrzeg with four children, on one of the biggest
farms in the village of which Jan was the head. They had commercial
contacts with the Jewish family K. from nearby Zarowne, who also had three
sons and a daughter. One of their sons died and Germans shot their
daughter. The other two brothers, Jerma and Icek 25 and 20 years
old, were taken into the work camp of Smocze, near Mielec. Beginning
with 1943, every two weeks, they managed to leave the camp and appeared,
cold and hungry, often ill, at the Domagalas, who gave them food, medicines
and lodging for a night or two. They did the same for other Jewish
youngsters, whom Jan brought often into his home. Once, probably due to
a denunciation, when the two brothers were in the barn, Germans came.
Maria stepped out of the house, with her children. The Germans looked
at them and. left. Jan succeeded to persuade them that the denunciation
was false. Cordial contacts with the two brothers lasted till their
departure to the USA, after their parents were no longer living.
Jerma wrote from the States that Icek had died during the passage.
He wrote a second time, offering to rent the 1,5 hectare farm, which belonged
to their parents, to the Domagalas. And then silence. However
Jan and Maria were recognized as "Righteous" by Yad Vashem on Mar. 27,
1997 by letter dated May 15, 1997. Maria, now a widow, received her
medal in Lublin, Poland on Feb. 17, 1998. The case was started in
1992.
DOMANUS, Adela (-1968) With her husband Henryk, her son and daughter-in-law, she lived in Warsaw and helped several Jews. First she took under her care Klara Szapiro and her seven years old daughter, Inko. She organized for her fake documents and put her up with an acquaintance, Anna Gruz. Klara, fearing denunciation, had to change her residence several times. Each time Adela helped her to find a new refuge. She kept with her the little girl Inko, but then placed her at the "Grey Nuns" on Tamka and then with the Sisters of Our Lady of Mercy on Zytnia Street. After the war, mother and daughter lived in Lodz and then left for Israel. Adela helped likewise Dr. K. Weizman with his wife Jadwiga from Lvov and Jadwiga Maczko. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOMANSKI, Anna
DOMANSKI, Stanislaw (not
related)
DOR-TENENBAUM, Maria Maria was the daughter of the janitors at the Cukiers' house in Warsaw. She hid in her apartment several Jews related to the Cukiers, among them Cukier's sister, Liliana Stern, whom she placed with her acquaintances and of whom she took care. In the cellar she hid also Mosze Tenenbaum, whom she married after the war and with whom she left for Israel. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DOROCINSKI, Stefan
DOROTA, Antoni
Father and daughter lived at the village of Mlodowa, near Lubaczow, Przemysl prov. They concealed Joseph R. in their cellar. He still maintains contact with Aniela, whom he calls a true angel. He sent her money regularly, in a most admirable way and invited her for a lengthy stay in Canada. The Dorotas were recognized as "Righteous" by Yad Vashem on May 5, 1992, by letter dated July 1, 1992. The case No. 5201 was started in 1985. DOWBENKO, Jozef (1889-1969)
The Dowbenkos lived at Kalusz, Stanislawow prov., where Jozef had a flourmill and had many business contacts with Jews. In 1942 some Jewish acquaintances asked Jozef for shelter from deportation: Joseph Dischek, his fiancée, Genia Likwornik, Szmerl Reis and the two Kenig brothers. First they planned to hide in the woods and entrusted their belongings to a villager, who unfortunately murdered Reis and the Kenigs. Joseph Dischek returned to the Kalusz ghetto, but succeeded to escape from the transport to the he ghetto in Stanislawow, and rejoined his fiancée at the Dowbenkos. Joseph, who had lost all his family, told Michalina that from now on she would be his mother. They survived there in spite of denunciations and searches. After the war both went to Canada and invited Jan for a visit there. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DRAB, Bronislaw
DROZDOWSKI, Stefania (not
related)
DRUSZKIEWICZ, Feliks (1902-) Feliks worked in the Continental Commerce and Industry Society in Warsaw, where he had many Jewish colleagues. His help for them consisted in financing the costs of their various shelters. The following benefited from his generosity: the Korc family, Rozalia and Jozef, their teenage daughters, Olga and Irena, and Rozalia's brother Henryk Miller. Feliks contributed to the liberation from the ghetto of Maria Gans and of her teenage daughter, who was under his care although living elsewhere. The Hausner family, whom Feliks also helped, did not survive the occupation. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DRYGASIEWICZ, Aniela
DRYNSKI, Anna (1892-1985) Anna and her husband Tadeusz Drynski lived at Milanowek, near Warsaw. Their home was a shelter for many Jews, especially from the intelligentsia: the three Bornsteins: Jadwiga born Goldman, her husband Prof. Benedykt, Dr. Maurycy, Ludwik Brysker, Prof. Bronislaw Buras, Teofila Fraudenreich, the Poslawski couple with their son Roman, Mrs. Tazbir, Zuzanna Glogowicz born Tenenbaum and others. All survived. Tadeusz Drynski was not recognized. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DRZEWICKI, Lidia see SZULC, Jozef & Anna, parents DRZEWIECKI, Sister Aleksandra, a nun DRZEWIECKI, Stanislaw (not
related)
DUDA, Antoni
The Dudas and the Ogonowskis (q.v.) lived in the Kielce region. They hid ten (10) persons in a dugout made in the ground and covered with potatoes. There was a small hole through which the Duda children could pass food to the hidden Jews, who spent 20 months in those conditions. See: Paldiel, op. cit. DUDAR, Antoni
The Dudars farmed at Dobrowody, near Zbaraz, Tarnopol prov. Antoni used to bring food to Jews in the Zbaraz ghetto. In 1943 Mosze Szwadron with his wife escaped from it and hid in the forest where Antoni brought food to them as well as to Mosze's sister, Bejla Rozenberg and to Maria Fleiszman. Later the Dudars took them into their farmstead. Mosze and Antoni built a shelter and Wiktoria or Stanislawa brought them food. Dramatic moments were not lacking, when the Ukrainian Bandera group raided the farm and when the retreating German soldiers occupied it. But all luckily survived. The Szwadrons went to Israel and after many years resumed, through the Red Cross, contacts with the Dudars. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DUDEK, Anna DUDEK, Jozefa (not related)
DUDEK, Miroslaw (not related)
DUDZIAK, Tekla
The Dudziaks resided on their farm at Kajetanowka, Lublin prov. Wanda was active in the resistance BCH, Peasants' Battalions. In 1941 she met in Lublin her acquaintance, Bejman, who asked her to care for a few days for her four years old daughter Roza and then disappeared. Wanda's house was searched. Roza was not found, but Germans arrested Wanda' brother, who died in the Majdanek extermination camp. In 1946 Roza was returned to a representative of the Central Jewish Committee in Poland and was taken to Israel. She invited Wanda for a visit. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DUDZIAK, Zofia (not related) DUDZIEC, Jadwiga Jadwiga Dudziec was active in the underground in Vilna. During a protracted time she stayed in the ghetto, helping in the fabrication of documents for Jews involved in the resistance movement. In her house there were always several Jews hiding and later her apartment served as a meeting point for partisans, as announced the Israeli Embassy in Warsaw. She was honored there on Dec. 15, 1999. DULNIKIEWICZ-SALAJ, Rozalia
DUNIN-WASOWICZ, Janina (1896-1972)
educator
Janina, her husband Wladyslaw and their two sons, Krzysztof and Marek, resided in Warsaw. Wladyslaw was treasurer of the Union of Polish journalists. He had many contacts with Jews and his objective and humanitarian attitude influenced also his sons to help Jews. Janina, deprived of her teaching position, managed the canteen of the RGO, Main Council for Aid, tolerated by the occupier. Together with the free meals she passed financial aid to Jews. The money came from the Bund and from the ZKN, Jewish National Committee. She also took care of Janek, a boy whom she placed with her acquaintance, Zofia Zolatkowski, as a gardner's helper. Krzysztof, through his contacts with the Bund, worked in the bookstore of Arct, where he met Moric Golber from Lvov under the name Aleksander Artymowicz. With the help of Wladyslaw Bartoszewski, (q.v.) and then with that of the Dunin-Wasowicz family, he was hidden and survived. He maintains contacts with Krzysztof, now a Professor in the Institute of History at the PAN, Polish Academy of Sciences, and is the author of many books on the war. Other people took also advantage of the help of the Dunin-Wasowicz family, e.g. the Teichorn from Drohobycz, whose teenage son was hidden with the family. Teichorn co-operated with Krzysztof in the socialist party. He disappeared in a roundup at Zoliborz (Warsaw). Mrs. Teichorn worked as a servant, but had to change her place of abode. Thanks again to Wladyslaw Bartoszewski (q.v.), a safe haven was found for her elsewhere. In April 1944 Wladyslaw and Janina were arrested and imprisoned at Pawiak. The sons were taken into the Stutthof concentration camp near Gdansk. Just before the Warsaw Uprising (1944) the parents were released and took part in the Uprising. The sons returned home after the war. See: Grynberg, op. cit. and the dramatic account of Prekerowa, op. cit. (p. 178-181) DURACZ, Jerzy alias FELEK (1921-) Jerzy was active in AL, People's Army, helping many Jews by providing them with false identifications and putting them in contact with resistance detachments. On April 20, 1943 he took part with Zygmunt Bobowski, Niuta Tajtelbaum, the three under the command of Franciszek Bartoszek in the attack on the machinegun nest on Nowiniarska Street near the ghetto. They killed two SS soldiers and two "Blue" policemen. See: The account of Felek in Bartoszewski & Lewin, op. cit. DURJASZ, Kazimierz DURKO, Janusz, (1915-) historian
The couple living in Warsaw started to help Jews in 1942. They liberated one room, which served in turn to shelter Szpiro under the name Jozef Gronka. Then, after Janusz rented another location for him, they gave the room to Leon Rytowski, an actor, who had escaped from the ghetto, finally to Irena and her 5 years old son. She left with the Durkos for Laski, near Warsaw. Szpiro stated that he owes his life mostly to Janusz. All survived. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DUSZCZAK, Dymitr (1915-)
During the massacre of Jews at Trembowla, Tarnopol prov. in April 1943 there came to the couple's farm Abram and Maria Einleger, then their son Jozef Einleger-Kozak, owner of the local pharmacy, with his wife Augustyna and later their second son Fryderyk. The Duszczaks built two shelters, one in the barn, the other outside, under the ground. There the Jews stayed until the arrival of the Red Army, i.e. April 23, 1944. The testimony of Jozef and Augustyna attests to the most cordial and disinterested treatment they got from the Duszczaks. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DUSZCZYNSKI, Zofia Zofia, asked for help by the parents of Miriam Perlberg, a friend of her daughter, Ewa, from before the war, brought the girl from Wieliczka to Cracow and later to Warsaw and took care of her until her relatives came to retrieve her. Zofia was honored in Warsaw on Dec. 15, 1999, as announced the Israeli Embassy in Poland. For the entire story of Zofia Duszczynski see the account under Chmura, Irena and Wanda (q.v.) in: Isakiewicz, op. cit. DUTKIEWICZ, Michal
DUTKIEWICZ, Stanislaw (1919-1990) Stanislaw was a tram conductor and mechanic in Warsaw and member of the socialist Party. Conducting the tram across the ghetto he would throw food and medicines to Jews. He accepted the proposal of Jozef Grajek, a representative of the Jewish resistance, to put his apartment at his disposal and that of other representatives of that resistance movement, including Tuvie Borzykowski, Halina and Stefan Prum. From there they could be transferred to other shelters on the "Aryan" side. He walled off a part of one room to which there was an entrance through the oven. Such a shelter could contain several people. Once Germans searched the apartment but did not discover the people hidden there. Stanislaw bought some arms in 1943 for the fighters in the ghetto. Suddenly a roundup started. He jumped into a passing tram, pushed aside its conductor and took his place as if nothing happened. After the fall of the Ghetto Uprising he welcomed the fighters who reached the "Aryan" side through the sewers to transport them to the Wyszkow forests where a Mordechai Anielewicz partisan unit was organized. See: Grynberg, op.cit. DUTKIEWICZ, Teodor
Anatol Thau finished his high school in Lvov in 1934 and left for Palestine. His parents, two sisters and an aunt remained in Poland. His younger sister, Lola, joined him in Palestine but before the war returned to Poland. His father was a lawyer interested in bees. In 1939 Anatol graduated from the Technological Institute as architect. His father was deported by Russians and put to graze cows; he separated from his wife in order to spare the family to be deported too. His father had a close helper in his law practice, Teodor Ryszard Dutkiewicz. Teodor, educated in a protestant children home in Warsaw, married a Ukrainian girl, Hania, who was a maid in the Dutkiewicz's home. They prospered on the farm bought with the help of Mr. Thau until the coming of the Germans in 1941. Mr. Thau left with him all his valuables. Dutkiewicz came and took both sisters of Anatol and later his mother to Zimna Woda. The lawyer asked him to rent with his gold coins a villa, where the entire Thau family gathered. Both children, Ryszard, the son and Stefa(nia) took part in buying food for so many people. When Teodor became ill and had to go to the hospital, his wife was terrified. Anatol's father told her that there is a Jewish legend, that if one offers under oath his own life for another person, that person will survive. I give ten years of my life to Ryszard, but, you, Hania, must be faithful to his instructions and keep us until he returns. He did after a week. The greatest danger came then from the Ukrainians. Hania begged her husband to declare himself a Ukrainian, but he refused, telling that he is a Pole. Anatol's father died exactly ten years later, and exactly ten year after him died Dutkiewicz. Anatol tried to contact his family from Palestine, but they, like most Poles, moved to Zielona Gora in Western Poland. When it was possible Anatol brought from Poland Stefania, the only one who was still living from the Dutkiewicz family, to receive the medal of "Righteous" for all four of them. She brought with her the letter of her father, Teodor, written on May 12, 1944, with his will, in which he gave to Teodor Dutkiewicz half of his house in Lvov and asked his son to comply with it without any hesitation. Teodor never sent to Anatol those writings. And Anatol, now Prof. Anatol Avszalom Thau, understood the nobility of Teodor Dutkiewicz. Stefa does not live also. As Anatol has no peace as the will of his father was not fulfilled, he thinks that his account is the only way to render him honor. He did it already by taking care of the recognition as "Righteous" of the entire family. See: Isakiewicz, op. cit. DUTKIEWICZ, Waclaw (not related)
DWORZNIK, Henryk
DYDYNSKI, Zdzislaw, mechanical engineer (1907-) Zdzislaw, a Pole but son of a German mother, whose brothers, high SS officials arrived in Warsaw, took advantage of that circumstance, in order to save as many Jews as possible, as he was a member of the Polish underground. Under the pretext that he had the right to be declared by German authorities in Berlin as a "Reichsdeutsche" (German national), he refused to sign the "Volkdeutsche List." Owning several apartment buildings around the city, he gave refuge to countless Jews either for a night or even for years - they switched buildings every few days. When he was denounced as helping Jews he ran to his SS uncles to let him go. His home was like a hotel. One of the persons saved testified that "His door was open to everybody; he was always ready to help". He married Karolina, one of those he saved, a Jewish lady, widow of a Polish officer, killed in the September 1939 campaign. He arrived with her to Canada in 1949 and living modestly in Montreal, was active in the Canadian Polish Congress. He was honored in Montreal on Dec. 21, 1981 and before that at Yad Vashem itself. Case No. 1932 started in 1979. DYGDALA, Zofia DYGDON, Michal Michal lived at Nagoszyn, county Debica, Tarnobrzeg prov. From 1942 till the end of the war Michal hid in his home the sister of Tevle Knie, and her husband, both from Nagoszyn. The three persons saved live in Canada and the USA. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DYL, Michal
Michal and Janina Dyl resided
at Czajkow Poludniowy, near Wisniowa, Tarnobrzeg prov. with their son,
Dionizy, killed by the Germans and the daughter Irena. They saved
Abramczyk, and also harbored for a certain time Regina and Elias F. and
their nephew Aleksander E. in a hole made in the ground and in another
shelter in hay in the barn. At night the hiding Jews could come to
their home. A German crushed Irena's fingers with his boot when she
tried to defend a Jew. Irena is now a retired teacher in her village.
The three were recognized as "Righteous" by a letter from Yad Vashem dated
July 15, 1996. The Case 6510C started in 1987.
DYLAG, Janina see KLEIN, Janina, mother DYMEK, Franciszek (1914-)
They lived in Lvov with their 2 years old daughter and the parents of Bronislawa, Franciszek and Katarzyna Kolano (q.v.). The following acquaintances benefited from this family's help: among others Dr. Bacektrug, Dr. Halpern-Frenkel and Lipa Neufeld with her son Henryk who later were sheltered by the Dworskis. Franciszek and Bronislawa also helped directly Filip and Ema Halpern, whose 12 years old daughter Bianka remained with them till the end of t he occupation. Franciszek concealed also the sister of Izydor Stark, whom he placed with his own sister Karolina at Glogoczow and later in Lvov. Franciszek's father-in-law, Kolano, hid the shoemaker Mojko in the attic. When the Gestapo suddenly appeared, the young woman took poison and Franciszek jumped through the window from the second floor and escaped, alerting thus the family and saving Bianka. The Dymeks left with Bianka for Grobel, on the river San, until the war's end. A Jewish organization took Bianka Halpern, who lives now in the USA and maintains contact with the Dymeks. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DYMEK, Ignac (not related)
DYMEK, Wanda (not related)
see JEDYNAK-DYMEK, W.
DYRCZ-FREEMAN, Irena Irena was a teacher at Czajkow, near Staszow, Kielce prov. She was the "spiritus movens" of the action of saving Jews in that village and its surroundings, in which approximately 50 inhabitants took part. One of the persons saved, Regina F. writes in her testimony: (citation) "She put her mind and her heart in helping us to survive by convincing other well-known people in the village to take us in and keep us as long as it was safe - and when it became dangerous she found us another place and another basement and saw to it that we have the basic needs necessary to survive and personally brought to us things we needed like a candle, matches or some paper. Every time she visited us she brought to us new hope to keep fighting to survive. She seemed to us like an angel sent to us by some higher might. She took care of the homeless and the poorest people who were hiding in the woods and she helped others by putting out food nightly in front of the house for the poor to come and pick it up and encouraged other people to do the same. She was a blessing for all the Jews." She married one of those she saved, and moved with him to the USA. She was recognized as "Righteous" by letter dated: Sept. 5, 1996, Case no. 6510B. At her solemn decoration in Albany, N.Y. on June 3, 1997, there took part the Israeli Consul, the local bishop and the Board of Rabbis. The story of the village of Czajkow, from which 12 persons were up to now recognized, started in 1987. DYRDA, Pawel
DZIANKOWSKI, Maria (1911-1973) Maria resided in Stanislawow and provided food and many medicines to its ghetto. In 1943 she extricated from it Zofia Kahn and her daughter, for whom she obtained "Aryan" documents. She helped financially Zofia's parents, Estera and Dr. Leon Breur who distributed those medicines in the Rohatyn ghetto. Both of them found themselves in the Kolomyja ghetto. In 1964 the Union of Stanislawow Jews invited Maria with her son to Tel-Aviv and received them with great honors. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DZIECHCIARZ, Marcin
DZIEDZIC-SKRZYPIEC, Wiktoria
(not related) see SKRZYPIEC-DZIEDZIC, W.
DZIK, Tadeusz (1915-) He completed his law studies at the University of Cracow. In high school he befriended Maksymilian Wahl. During the occupation he had a ghetto pass as a worker for the electricity department there. Fryderyk Wahl provided Tadeusz with photographs of Jews, which Tadeusz gave to a man who prepared, for money, false documents for the Jews. Thanks to those documents given to all the members of the Wahl family among them to Paulina, she, with the help of Tadeusz, landed a job in a hospital. Helena Drajkopel and Frania Bilfeld, now living in Israel also got such documents. From the Wahl family only Paulina and her brother Julian survived the war. See: Grynberg, op. cit. DZIK, Wawrzyniec
DZIUROWICZ, Franciszek
The family hid in their cellar Pinchas Wasserberger and Roman bought him food every day. Father and son were recognized as "Righteous" in 1999. They were honored on May 2, 2000 in Cracow, as announced the Israeli Embassy in Poland. The mother of the family, Maria, was recognized 19 years earlier, in 1980. DZIURZYNSKI-HRABYK, Maria
DZWIGAJ-LACNY, Irena see
LACNY-DZWIGAJ, Irena
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